Clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant infection in children: an analysis of 201 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the clinical features of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant infection.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 201 children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were hospitalized and diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection in Quanzhou First Hospital from March 14 to April 7, 2022. Among the 201 children, there were 34 children with asymptomatic infection and 167 with symptomatic infection. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical features, results of experimental examinations, and outcome.@*RESULTS@#Of all the 201 children, 161 (80.1%) had a history of exposure to COVID-19 patients and 132 (65.7%) had a history of COVID-19 vaccination. Among the 167 children with symptomatic infections, 151 had mild COVID-19 and 16 had common COVID-19, with no severe infection or death. Among the 101 children who underwent chest CT examination, 16 had ground glass changes and 20 had nodular or linear opacities. The mean time to nucleic acid clearance was (14±4) days for the 201 children with Omicron variant infection, and the symptomatic infection group had a significantly longer time than the asymptomatic infection group [(15±4) days vs (11±4) days, P<0.05]. The group vaccinated with one or two doses of COVID-19 vaccine had a significantly higher positive rate of IgG than the group without vaccination (P<0.05). The proportions of children with increased blood lymphocyte count in the symptomatic infection group was significantly lower than that in the asymptomatic infection group (P<0.05). Compared with the asymptomatic infection group, the symptomatic infection group had significantly higher proportions of children with increased interleukin-6, increased fibrinogen, and increased D-dimer (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Most of the children with Omicron variant infection have clinical symptoms, which are generally mild. The children with symptomatic infection are often accompanied by decreased or normal blood lymphocyte count and increased levels of interleukin-6, fibrinogen, and D-dimer, with a relatively long time to nucleic acid clearance. Some of them had ground glass changes on chest CT.

Trastuzumab-induced human cardiomyocyte damage through the Notch2/JAK2/STAT3 pathway

Abstract Objective Trastuzumab is the preferred drug for the treatment of breast cancer. However, research on the cellular mechanisms of trastuzumab's potential cardiotoxicity is insufficient. The purpose of this study was to explore the toxic effects and potential mechanism of action of trastuzumab on cardiomyocytes. Method Human Cardiomyocyte (HCM) viability was assessed using the MTT method. HCM apoptosis was detected using the Hoechst33342/PI Fluorescent staining. The LDH and CK activities of the cell were measured using commercially available LDH and CK assay kits. The expression levels of Notch2, JAK2, STAT3, cleaved caspase 3, bax, and bcl 2 in HCMs were detected using western blotting. Results The results showed that 250 mg/L trastuzumab induced cardiomyocyte injury and apoptosis, inhibited viability, activated the Notch2 receptor, and inhibited JAK2/STAT3 expression in HCM. Inhibition of Notch2 expression in HCM by targeted siNotch2 transfection reversed the trastuzumab-induced injury and apoptosis, and the expression of JAK2/STAT3 returned to normal levels. Conclusions Trastuzumab induces Notch2 expression by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway of HCMs, promotes cell apoptosis, and causes cardiomyocyteinjury. Notch2 may be a potential target of trastuzumab-inducedmyocardial injury. This experiment reveals the mechanism of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity, providing a theoretical basis for the application of trastuzumab.

Establishment and preliminary application of a joint detection method for transplantation-associated infection pathogens / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the effectiveness of multilink real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the detection of common pathogens in transplantation. 【Methods】 The primers of the qPCR detection system were designed for 24 common infectious pathogens after clinical transplantation, and the standard plasmids of each pathogen were used to verify the qPCR reaction.After the primer probe effect and concentration of each pathogen reaction system in this experiment was optimized, the sensitivity, correlation coefficient (R2) and amplification efficiency (E) of qPCR method were analyzed and confirmed.Twenty-two samples from patients, who underwent liver and kidney transplantation in transplant ICU of Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital, were used to verify the application of the detection system.The total nucleic acid of 100 μL was extracted from each individual and divided into two aliquots, which were detected by multi-link qPCR reaction system and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing method (NGS). At the same time, samples (2 mL each) were taken from the transplanted patients for microbial culture.The results of the three detection methods were compared, and the NGS method was taken as the gold standard to analyze the positive detection rate of the multi-link qPCR method and its difference with the culture method and NGS. 【Results】 The lower limit of qPCR detection for 24 pathogens in the established qPCR detection system was 101cp/μL(R2>0.99), with the positive rate of pathogens at 59.1% (13/22), showing significant difference versus microbial culture (18.2%, 4/22)(P<0.05), but not versus NGS (63.6%, 14/22)(P>0.05). Percentage of pathogens detected was as follows: human herpetic virus type 6 (HHV-6) 30.8% (4/13), cytomegalovirus (HCMV) 23.1% (3/13), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) 23.1% (3/13), human parvovirus B19 15.4% (2/13), Haemophilus influenzae (Hin) 15.4% (2/13), Enterococcus faecium (EFM) 15.4% (2/13), Clostridium difficile 15.4% (2/13), Escherichia coli 7.7% (1/13), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sma) 7.7% (1/13), Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) 7.7% (1/13), Enterococcus faecalis (Efa) 7.7% (1/13) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) 7.7% (1/13). The consistency rate of pathogens detected by the three methods was 32% (7/22), among which the consistency rate of multi-link qPCR with NGS method was 59% (13/22), and multi-link qPCR with microbial culture was 41% (9/22). 【Conclusion】 Compared with the microbial culture, the multi-link qPCR method demonstrated high sensitivity, accurate quantification, short time and low cost for the detection of common pathogens in clinical transplantation.Multi-link qPCR combined with NGS and microbial culture is helpful to quickly predict the pathogen infection status of patients after transplantation.

The cut off value of liver stiffness measurement needs to be lowered to predict liver fibrosis after sustained virologic response in chronic hepatitis C patients / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To further verify the ability of noninvasive diagnostic method for liver fibrosis in predicting liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients followed up after sustained virologic response (SVR) based on liver biopsy. Methods A prospective cohort study was performed for the chronic hepatitis C patients who attended Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, from October 2015 to December 2017, and all patients were followed up regularly after SVR and underwent liver biopsy. The diagnostic efficiency of the noninvasive diagnostic method for liver fibrosis was verified based on pathological results. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of LSM, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, and STATA and R language were used to compare the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results A total of 96 patients were successfully enrolled. The LSM after SVR was significantly lower than that at baseline, and LSM had a significantly larger AUC than APRI (0.89 vs 0.67, P < 0.05) and FIB (0.89 vs 0.69, P < 0.05) in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis after SVR. LSM at a cut-off value of 7.95 kPa, and based on the best specificity, the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis could be considered when LSM was greater than 9.15 kPa, with a positive likelihood ratio of 5.91%; progressive liver fibrosis could be excluded based on LSM < 6.85 kPa, with a negative predictive value of 0.98. Follow-up time and antiviral regimen had no influence on the diagnostic ability of LSM. Conclusion The cut off value of LSM needs to be lowered to predict liver fibrosis after SVR in chronic hepatitis C patients.

Study on Mechanism of Quercetin in Heart Failure Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To predict the therapeutic targets and related signaling pathways of quercetin in the treatment of heart failure （HF） by network pharmacology and molecular docking methods，and further clarify its mechanisms through <italic>in vitro</italic> cell model. Method:The pharmacological targets of quercetin were obtained by SwissTargetPrediction and Targetnet databases； the heart failure related targets were obtained by Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man（OMIM），GeneCards and Therapeutic Target Database（TTD） databases； the protein-protein interaction（PPI） network was analyzed by STRING database（Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes），and the PPI network diagram of quercetin for heart failure target was established. Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used for analyzing and screening the anti-heart failure network nodes of quercetin，and the obtained targets were enriched with gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analysis by DAVID database. In order to explore the mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of heart failure，we used cell model to verify the function in heart failure treatment. Results:The predicted results showed that there were 23 targets for the treatment of heart failure，such as Matrix Metallopeptidase-9（MMP-9），androgen receptor（AR），coagulation factor 2（F2），insulin like growth factor 1 receptor（IGF1R），epidermal growth factor receptor（EGFR），janus kinase-2（JAK2），cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1（CYP19A1），estrogen receptor-1（ESR1），tumor necrosis factor（TNF），protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C（PTPRC） and cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1（CYP17A1） etc. The results suggest that quercetin may play a role in the treatment of heart failure by intervening in the physiological processes of cardiovascular cell proliferation and metabolism，regulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1 （HIF-1）signaling pathway and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Conclusion:Quercetin has the characteristics of multi-target，multi-channel and multi-channel in the treatment of heart failure. It may play a role in the treatment of heart failure by regulating MMP-9，EGFR and other key genes，participating in the biological process of cardiac and vascular cell proliferation and metabolism.

Bufotenine and its derivatives: synthesis, analgesic effects identification and computational target prediction / 中国天然药物

Natural product bufotenine (5) which could be isolated from Venenum Bufonis, has been widely used as a tool in central nervous system (CNS) studies. We present here its quaternary ammonium salt (6) which was synthesized with high yields using 5-benzyloxyindole as raw materials, and we firstly discover its analgesic effects in vivo. The analgesic evaluation showed that compounds 5 and 6 had stronger effects on the behavior of formalin induced pain in mice. Moreover, the combination of compound 6 and morphine has a synergistic effect. We intended to explain the molecular mechanism of this effect. Therefore, 36 analgesic-related targets (including 15 G protein-coupled receptors, 6 enzymes, 13 ion channels, and 2 others) were systemically evaluated using reverse docking. The results indicate that bufotenine and its derivatives are closely related to acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) or α

Intraluminal CT values for evaluating stenosis of calcified coronary artery / 中国医学影像技术

Objective: To observe the accuracy of intraluminal CT values of coronary artery across calcification and the corrected coronary opacification(CCO)difference in evaluation on stenosis severity of coronary artery during computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Methods: Coronary artery calcifications (CAC) were detected in 233 main branches of coronary arteries(left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery and right coronary artery) with CCTA. According to the degree of stenosis, the vessels were divided into mild stenosis group, moderate stenosis group, severe stenosis group and total occlusion group, respectively. The accuracy of CCO difference for evaluating coronary stenosis were analyzed and compared among groups. Results: CCO difference across calcification was significantly higher in total-occlusion group than in the other 3 groups (P0.05), while were higher in severe stenosis group and moderate stenosis group than in mild stenosis (P<0.001). Taken 0.086 9 as the cut-off point of CCO difference across calcified coronary artery, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was 76.67%, 75.47%, 91.39% and 48.78% for diagnosing coronary artery stenosis ≥50%, respectively, while taken 0.207 0 as the cut-off point, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was 91.84%, 79.89%, 54.88% and 97.35%, respectively for diagnosing total-occlusion of coronary artery. Conclusion: CCO difference across calcified coronary artery elevated as stenosis severity increased. Taking CCO difference across calcified coronary artery as an index might improve the accuracy of evaluating coronary artery calcification and stenosis.

The optimization and assessment of the method for inducing hyperuricemia in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

To explore an effective method for inducing a rat model with hyperuricemia in a short period and assess the effects of the model. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were adopted as donors and randomly divided into control group (CT group, n=6) and 5 model groups (M1-M5 groups, n=8 in each group). M1 group (gavage with 10 g/kg yeast extracts and 100 mg/kg adenine, twice per day, 300 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium by intraperitoneal injection, in the 7 day of model inducing), M2 group (gavage with 10 g/kg yeast extracts and 100 mg/kg adenine, twice per day, 300 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium by intraperitoneal injection, in the 1, 3 and 7 day of model inducing),M3 group (gavage with 10 g/kg yeast extracts and 100 mg/kg adenine, twice per day, 300 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium by intraperitoneal injection, once per day during the model inducing), M4 group (gavage with 20 g/kg yeast extracts and 100 mg/kg adenine, twice per day, 300 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium by intraperitoneal injection, once per day during the model inducing), M5 group (gavage with 30 g/kg yeast extracts and 100 mg/kg adenine, twice per day, 300 mg/kg oxonic acid potassium by intraperitoneal injection, once per day during the model inducing), and group CT (gavaged with equal volume sterilized water and intraperitoneal injected with normal saline according to the weight and at the same frequency as the model groups). The model inducing lasted for 7 days. After the inducing was finished, blood and 24-hour urine were sampled for uric acid and creatinine determination. Then rats were maintained for 2 weeks and blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected, the concentration of uric acid and creatinine were detected. The kidney and stomach were weighed,morphological changes in kidney were observed. After model inducing, the body weight of rats in all model groups was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.01). Deaths occurred in all the rats with model treatments except M2. M4 and M5 groups were failed to be analyzed because of the high mortality, model 1 and 3 groups had 4 and 2 deaths, respectively. The uric acid levels in blood and urine of the model groups were significantly elevated (P＜ 0.01) at the end of model inducing. The model 2 group's blood uric acid was highest among the model groups (P＜0.05). It sustained a higher concentration than CT group in the three model groups after 2 weeks feeding (P＜0.05). The kidneys in model groups obviously swelling and were heavier than CT group (P＜0.01). The inflammation and structural damages were observed in kidneys of all model groups. The yeast extract (10 g/kg), adenine (100 mg/kg) gavage combined with intraperitoneal injections(the 1, 3, 7 day during inducing) of potassium oxonate can be an rapid and effective method for inducing the rat model with hyperuricemia, which can be suggested to the related research.

Effects of Valeriana amurensis Roots and Rhizomes Extract and Its Active Constituents on Activities of Drug Metabolism Enzymes in Liver / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To evaluate the effects of Valeriana amurensis roots and rhizomes extract and its active constituents on the activities of six major cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes in human liver microsomes. Method::Coumarin, bupropion, tolbutamide, omeprazole, dextromethorphan and testosterone were used as probe substrates for CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, respectively. Taking their specific metabolites of hydroxylation or demethylation (7-hydroxycoumarin, hydroxybupropion, 4-hydroxytolbutamide, 5-hydroxyomeprazole, dextromethorphan, 6β-hydroxytestosterone) as indicators of enzyme activities. The analytical indexes were used to establish an in vitro model of human liver microsomes of Cocktail probe substrates. This method was applied to evaluate the effects of V. amurensis roots and rhizomes extract and its active constituents on human liver microsomal enzymes. Result::The V. amurensis roots and rhizomes extract had different inhibitory effects on CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, their half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.49, 1.73, 68.29, 2.80 mg·L-1, respectively. Among the 9 lignans, (-)-massoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside had a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP2A6 with an IC50 value of 8.51 μmol·L-1, 8, 8′-dihydroxypinoresinol-4, 4′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside had a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP2D6 with an IC50 value of 8.73 μmol·L-1, (+)-medioresinol-4, 4′-O-di-β-D-glucopyranoside had a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP2B6 and CYP2C9 with IC50 values of 5.41 μmol·L-1 and 8.20 μmol·L-1. Conclusion::The V. amurensis roots and rhizomes extract and its active constituents have inhibitory effects on liver CYP450 enzymes. Therefore, in the clinical study of new drugs, it is necessary to fully evaluate the risk of drug interactions caused by combination therapy.

Minimal invasive microscopic tooth preparation based on endodontic, periodontal and functional health / 华西口腔医学杂志

Tooth preparation is the primary and core operation technique for dental esthetic restoration treatment, due to its effect of providing restoration space, bonding interfaces and marginal lines for dental rehabilitation after tooth tissue reduction. The concept of microscopic minimal invasive dentistry put forward the issue of conducting high-quality tooth preparation, conserve tooth-structure, protect vital pulp and periodontal tissue simultaneously. This study reviewed the concepts, physiology background, design and minimal invasive microscopic tooth preparation, and in the meantime, individualized strategies and the two core elements of tooth preparation (quantity and shape) are listed.

Effect of human placenta on ovarian function and endometrial receptivity in patients with ovarian dysfunction / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the effect of human placenta on ovarian function and endometrial receptivity in patients with ovarian dysfunction. Methods From January 2017 and August 2017, one hundred and twenty patients of ovarian hypofunction infertility who received therapy in Liuzhou Worker′s Hospital were selected and were randomly divided into observation group ( 60 cases) and control group ( 60 cases) ,the control group was treated with oral letrozole at the 2nd to 5th day of the menstrual cycle for 5 consecutive days,at the same time, vitamin E soft capsule was taken orally until the next menstrual cycle, the letrozole usage in the observation group was the same as that in the control group,and human placenta tablets were taken orally until the next menstrual cycle. Both groups were treated for 3 menstrual cycles continuously. The changes of luteinizing hormone (LH),follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),estradiol (E2),resistance index (RI),pulsation index (PI),endometrial thickness and shape during and after ovulation were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The efficacy of ovulation induction,ovulation rate and pregnancy rate were compared. Results After treatment,two groups of FSH,E2 treatment were decreased significantly ( P<0. 05) ,the FSH,E2,in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ((9. 62±1. 04)U/L vs. (12. 45±1. 13)U/L,(174.85±36.21)pmol/L vs. (188.69±27.92)pmol/L)(t=14.274,2.345,P<0.05),there were no obvious changes in LH in the observation group and the control group( P>0. 05);after treatment,the endometrial thickness in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ((12. 25±0. 13)mm vs. (10. 97±0. 10)mm)(t=60. 452,P<0. 05); after treatment,the RI and PI of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0. 05),the RI,PI in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group ((0.54±0.03)vs. (0.59±0.03),(1.23±0.06)vs. (1.43±0.08))(t=9.129, 15. 492,P<0. 05);the total effective rate of ovulation induction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (93. 33％(56/60)vs. 75. 00％(45/60))(χ2=7. 566,P<0. 05); there was no significant difference in ovulation rate between the two groups ( P>0. 05) ,but the pregnancy rate in observation group was obviously higher than that of the control group ( 31. 67％ ( 19/60) vs. 15. 00 ( 9/60) ) (χ2=4. 658, P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion In patients with ovarian dysfunction in the application of human placenta effect is significant,which can effectively improve the ovarian function and endometrial receptivity, improve pregnancy rate,clinical application value is high.

Effect of Compound Danshen Dripping Pill combined with polyene phosphatidyl choline in treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 药物评价研究

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDCP) combined with polyene phosphatidyl choline in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (116 cases) treated in Xi'an Medical University Affiliated Baoji Hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were selected and divided into two groups randomly.Control group was treated with CDDP,and observation group was treated with CDDP combined with polyene phosphatidyl choline,the two groups were treated for 3 months.The clinical efficiency of two groups was compared.The following indicators were detected before and after treatment respectively,such as liver function indicators:aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) and total bile acid (TBIL);blood lipid indicators:total cholesterol (TC),triacylglycerol (TG);and liver triglyceride fibrosis indicators:laminin (LN),hyaluronic acid (HA),procollagen Ⅲ (PC Ⅲ),and type Ⅳ collagen (Ⅳ-C),and carried on the upper abdomen CT plain scan,the liver/spleen CT ratio were calculated.Results After treatment,the effective rate of the observation group was 91.4％ (53/58),significantly higher than that of the control group 72.4％ (42/58) (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of AST,ALT,γ-GT,TBIL,TC and TG in two groups were decreased significantly compared with the same group before treatment and lower in the observation group (P ＜ 0.05),and liver/spleen CT ratio was increased significantly and higher in the observation group (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the levels of LN,PC Ⅲ,Ⅳ-C and HA in two groups were decreased significantly compared with the same group before treatment and lower in the observation group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion CDDP combined with polyene phosphatidyl choline can significantly improve the liver function and liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,and lower blood lipid,which has high clinical value.

Clinical types and features of chronicity of drug-induced liver injury / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical types and features of chronicity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). MethodsThe patients who were diagnosed with DILI in Beijing You′An Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2011 to December 2013 were screened, and a retrospective analysis was performed for 84 patients with chronic DILI. The case report form was filled out for each patient, and the data were entered into a database, including demographic features, underlying diseases, types of drugs, cardinal symptoms and signs, and laboratory examinations. ResultsOf all patients, 63 (75.0%) were female. The chronicity of DILI could be divided into six clinical types according to disease progression and recovery of liver function; of all patients, 64 (762%) had a recurrent type, 4 (4.8%) had a delayed recovery type, 4 (4.8%) had a recurrent fluctuation type, 6 (7.1%) had a chronic cholestasis type, 5 (6.0%) had a type of rapid progression to liver cirrhosis, and 1 (1.2%) had a type of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis. Among all the 84 patients, 56 (66.7%) had underlying diseases; 51 (60.7%) had DILI induced by a single drug, mainly traditional Chinese medicine (47.0%), antipyretics and analgesics (10.6%), and antitubercular agents (9.1%); as for the type of liver injury, 52 (61.9%) had hepatocyte injury, 8 (9.5%) had cholestasis, and 5 (6.0%) had a mixed type. Liver biochemistries showed abnormal results in 19 patients (22.6%). ConclusionThe chronicity of DILI can be divided into six clinical types, of which the most common type is the recurrent type, and the other clinical types include delayed recovery type, recurrent fluctuation type, chronic cholestasis type, rapid progression to liver cirrhosis, and drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis.

Unexpected Detection of Spontaneous Isolated Superior Mesenteric Artery Dissection by Renal Artery CT Imaging in 12 Hypertension Patients / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To study the features of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD) by unexpected detection of renal artery dual-source CT (DSCT) imaging in hypertension patients. Methods: A total of 4107 patients with suspected secondary hypertension received renal artery DSCT examination in our hospital from 2010-03 to 2015-04 were studied and SISMAD was unexpectedly found in 12 patients. There were 3 patients with mild abdominal pain and the rest without obvious abdominal symptoms. The position and length, true and false lumens, detached tunica intimal flap and branch involvement of dissection, intestinal wall edema and ileus were recorded. Results: SISMAD in all 12 (0.3%) patients were found unexpectedly. Axial CT with post-processing technique clearly displayed the ruptured tunica intimal orifice, true and false lumens, detached intimal flap; the branches were all originated from true lumen. According to Sakamoto classification, all 12 patients were belong to Type I as the true and false lumens were with an entry and re-entry respectively, no filling defect in false lumen. The distance from orifice of dissection to root of abdominal aorta was (26.7 ± 11.3) mm and the length of dissection was (35.1 ± 11.7) mm.There were 10 patients with aneurysmal expansion with the diameter of (11.9 ± 2.5) mm. Conclusion: Unexpected detection of SISMAD by renal artery CT imaging was about 0.3%, radiologist should pay special attention to find superior mesenteric artery dissection in hypertension patients.

Treatment of acute obstructive cased by colorectal cancer / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To investigate the treatment of acute obstructive colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 26 cases with acute obstructive colorectal cancer were analysed retrospectively and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results Radical right hemicolectomy was performed in 9 patients with obstructive right colonic cancer.Among 17 patients with obstructive left colorectal cancer,one-stage radical resection was perfomed in 12 cases,including one-stage anastomosis in 4 cases and Hartmann's operation in 8 cases.Palliative colostomy was performed in 3 cases.Right hemicolectomy and sigmoid colon loop colostomy was performed in 1 case of rectum cancer with ascending colon strangulation.One case refused surgery.Two cases died of MODS and 1 case with inflammatory ileus recovering from conservative treatment after operation.In the course of disease,septic shock and MODS happened in 3 cases,lung infection in 5 cases,heart disease in 2 cases and Hypoalbuminemia in 16 cases.Conclusions One-stage radical colectomy and anastomosis should be performed in patients with obstructive right colonic cancer.In order to reduce toxin absorption and prevent the deterioration of disease,Bowel decompression and removal of inflammatory exudate should be performed in patients with obstructive left colorectal cancer according to the damage control theory.Then effective and safe operation should be chosen in accordance with patients' status.Anti-infection and nutrition support treatment must be strengthened after operation.

Effects of subchronic benzoapyrene exposure on hippocampal cholinergic system in rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of subchronic benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) exposure on the neurobehavior and hippocampal acetylcholine (Ach) level, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and mRNA and protein expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subtype (nAChR α7) in rats, and to investigate the neurotoxic mechanism of B[a]P.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, solvent control group, and B [a]P exposure groups. Each rat in the exposure groups was intraperitoneally injected with B[a]P at 1.0, 2.5, or 6.25 mg/kg once every other day for 90 days. The learning and memory ability of the rats was examined by Morris water maze test and step-down test; the hippocampal Ach level was measured by alkaline hydroxylamine method; the AChE activity was measured by DNTB method; the mRNA and protein expression levels of hippocampal nAChR α7 were measured by quantitative PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 2.5 and 6.25 mg/kg B[a]P exposure groups showed significantly lower learning and memory abilities than the blank control group and solvent control group (P < 0.05); also, the two groups had significantly lower hippocampal Ach levels than the blank control group, solvent control group, and 1.0 mg/kg B[a]P exposure group (P < 0.05). The 6.25 mg/kg B[a]P exposure group showed significantly lower hippocampal AChE activity than the blank control group, solvent control group, and 1.0 mg/kg B[a]P exposure group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the mRNA and protein expression levels of nAChR α7 among all groups (P > 0.05). The hippocampal Ach level was negatively correlated with the mean escape latency period and total distance travelled (r = -0.567, P < 0.01; r = -0.503, P < 0.01) but positively correlated with the time in platform quadrant (r = 0.800, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Subchronic B[a]P exposure may impair the learning and memory ability in rats, which is related to the downregulation of hippocampal Ach level.</p>

Targeting the substrate binding domain of polo-like kinase 1: advances in the study of PBD1 inhibitors / 药学学报

Polo-box domain 1 (PBD1) is a characteristic domain of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), which locates in C-terminal and can influence the catalytic activity and specific subcellular locations of PLK1. At present, most PLK1 inhibitors are developed to occupy the ATP pocket or its close sites. However, this kind of PLK1 inhibitors is difficult to pursue target selectivity and may encounter cross drug resistance with other kinase inhibitors due to the conserved sequence of ATP pocket. Recently, PBD1, with aberrant specificity in sequence and structure, has attracted enormous interests as the alternative target to the discovery of corresponding inhibitors for anti-tumor drugs. The structure and function of PBD1 as well as the advances of its inhibitors are reviewed in this paper.

Effect of downregulation the expression of HDAC1 on cells differentiation of HL-60 cells / 药学学报

This study is to investigate the effect of downregulation histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) gene by the technology of RNA interference on the differentiation of HL-60 cells line. The optimal segment targeting HDAC1 gene was designed and transfected into HL-60 cells by Lipofectamine 2000. The HDAC1 mRNA and protein level were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The morphologic change of HL-60 cells was detected by an optical microscope with Wright-Giemsa. Cell differentiation was tested by NBT reduction assay. Expression of CD13, CD33 and CD14 was measured by flow cytometry. The results indicated that HDAC1 mRNA and protein were markedly suppressed by the siRNA targeting HDAC1 in a concentration-dependent manner. HDAC1 siRNA promoted cell differentiation. HL-60 cells became more mature in morphology after transfected to HDAC1 siRNA at a concentration of 30-60 nmol x L(-1) for 24 h. NBT reduction ability of HDAC1 siRNA with 30 nmol x L(-1) was 0.31 +/- 0.09, compared with negative control (0.20 +/- 0.02) (t = -3.1, P < 0.01), and with 60 nmol x L(-1) was 0.25 +/- 0.02 in comparison with negative control (0.21 +/- 0.04) (t = -2.12, P < 0.05). But it has no change in HDAC1 siRNA > or = 120 nmol x L(-1). After transfection with 60 nmol x L(-1) HDAC1 siRNA to HL-60 cells, the expression of CD13 was (96.50 +/- 0.70)% in compared to siRNA-NC (3.39 +/- 0.68) % (t = 164.9, P < 0.000 5), CD33 was (66.73 +/- 0.50) % in compared to siRNA-NC (96.80 +/- 1.70) % (t = 43.4, P < 0.000 5). CD14 was (0.53 +/- 0.00) % by comparison with siRNA-NC (0.49 +/- 0.02) % (t = -0.97, P > 0.1). HDAC1 siRNA promoted cell differentiation in indicated concentration. HDAC1 might be one of the targets of gene therapy for leukemia.

Association between MAOA-u VNTR polymorphism and its interaction with stressful life events and major depressive disorder in adolescents / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the genetic polymorphism, upstream variable number of tandem repeats (uVNTR), in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene, is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents and to test whether there is gene-environment interaction between MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism and stressful life events (SLEs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 394 Chinese Han subjects, including 187 adolescent patients with MDD and 207 normal students as a control group, were included in the study. Genotyping was performed by SNaP-shot assay. SLEs in the previous 12 months were evaluated. The groups were compared in terms of the frequency distributions of MAOA-uVNTR genotypes and alleles using statistical software. The binary logistic regression model of gene-environment interaction was established to analyze the association of the gene-environment interaction between MAOA-u VNTR genotypes and SLEs with adolescent MDD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution profiles of MAOA-u VNTR genotypes and alleles were not related to the onset of MDD, severity of depression, comorbid anxiety and suicidal ideation/behavior/attempt in adolescents. The gene-environment interaction between MAOA-u VNTR genotypes and SLEs was not associated with MDD in male or female adolescents.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is not proven that MAOA-u VNTR polymorphism is associated with adolescent MDD. There is also no gene-environment interaction between MAOA-u VNTR polymorphism and SLEs that is associated with adolescent MDD.</p>

Effect of hydrogen peroxide with different pH values on the color, translucency and laser-induced fluorescence of human dentin / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of 30% hydrogen peroxide(HP) with different pH values on color, translucency and laser-induced fluorescence of human dentin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty dentin specimens from crown of mandibular third molars were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 15) and treated with acidic 30% HP, neutral 30% HP, alkaline 30% HP and deionized water (control group), respectively. The bleaching process was 0.5 h×4 times, and time points for measuring were baseline (0), 0.5, 1 and 2 h. A colorimeter was employed to measure the L(*), a(*), b(*) coordinates of dentin against white, black and yellow background. Then the parameters of translucency, masking effects, chroma and whiteness were calculated. The dentinal laser-induced Raman/fluorescence spectra was recorded by a Raman spectrometer and the fluorescence intensity(FI) and FI% were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ΔFI of acidic, neutral, alkaline 30% HP at 2 h were 9960.03 ± 2037.74, 8502.09 ± 1413.86, 8554.29 ± 1986.19. And ΔFI% were 84.60 ± 3.43, 84.89 ± 5.19, 86.72 ± 2.65, respectively. Repeated measure of ANOVA revealed that all parameters in the bleaching groups were significantly influenced by time (P < 0.001). Compared with control group, bleaching resulted significant change of ΔTP, Δchroma, Δwhiteness, ΔL(*), Δa(*), Δb(*), ΔE, ΔFI and ΔFI% (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between three bleaching groups on ΔTP, Δmasking effects, Δchroma, Δwhiteness, ΔL(*), Δb(*), ΔE, ΔFI and ΔFI%. Correlation analysis demonstrated that FI was associated with chroma, a(*), b(*) and whiteness, respectively, and ΔFI was associated with ΔTP, Δmasking effects, Δwhiteness, Δchroma, Δb(*) and ΔE.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>30% HP with different pH values could result in the same change of the color, translucency and laser-induced fluorescence of human dentin.Laser-induced fluorescence was associated with dentinal color and translucency, which might be a novel way to investigate the bleaching mechanism of dentin.</p>